深海集矿机轨迹跟踪算法

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2011年第z2期

论文作者:王随平 桂卫华 张飞

文章页码:319 - 323

关键词:深海集矿机;轨迹跟踪;变结构控制

Key words:deep sea mining vehicle; trace tracking; variable structure control (VSC)

摘    要:针对深海集矿机控制器难以设计的问题,研究了一种有效的轨迹跟踪算法,使工作于深海底、易受到随机大干扰的集矿机能以小于1 m的误差跟踪规划路径行走。通过对集矿机行走特点和驱动系统分析,建立了集矿机简化的运动学模型。运用双环控制方式实现了集矿机的轨迹跟踪,其中外环采用滑模变结构控制方式实现集矿机位姿误差跟踪,内环运用PID控制器实现了集矿机的速度跟踪。为减弱变结构系统的抖振,在设计趋近律时,采用连续函数代替符号函数。运用MATLAB对设计的轨迹跟踪算法进行仿真实验研究。仿真结果表明,采用等速趋近律的滑模变结构控制的轨迹跟踪算法能够使机器人获得较好的跟踪效果,在较好地消除系统误差的同时,具有较小的抖振。

Abstract: In consideration of the design problem in deep sea mining vehicle controller, the purpose of researching is to find a tracking control algorithm to make sure the vehicle tracking error less than 1 m. The mining vehicle dynamics model was established upon the movement of the robot and differential steering. The variable pump and motor model were erected. The sliding mode variable structure algorithm was used to eliminate the vehicle pose error. The PID controller was chosen to track velocity. Using the variable structure control theory and the backstep-method, based on the mining vehicle dynamic model, the variable function and sliding controller were designed. Taking into account of the mining vehicle dynamic constraints, the speed and acceleration were limited to ensure that the vehicle smoothly moved. For abating the quiver, a successive function was designed as the reaching law. The mining vehicle control system was simulated and the variable structure control algorithm was testified effectively. This tracking approach enables the vehicle to obtain high tracking precision with a small quiver.

基金信息:国家自然科学基金资助项目

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