正交各向异性功能梯度微板弯曲行为尺度效应

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第4期

论文作者:周博 康泽天 张岩 薛世峰

文章页码:902 - 912

关键词:正交各向异性;功能梯度;尺度效应;平衡方程;微机电系统

Key words:orthotropic; functionally graded; size effect; equilibrium equation; micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)

摘    要:为了研究材料参数沿微板厚度方向呈连续梯度变化的正交各向异性功能梯度微板弯曲行为的尺度效应,基于新修正偶应力理论和Kirchhoff弹性板理论,引入2个正交方向的材料特征尺度参数,将正交各向异性功能梯度微板的应力、偶应力、应变和曲率等基本变量描述为位移分量偏导数的表达式,并根据最小势能原理推导微板的平衡方程和边界条件。利用建立的模型,以材料弹性模量、剪切模量和材料特征尺度参数均沿微板厚度方向呈正弦梯度变化的四边简支微板为例,研究微板在双向正弦分布载荷作用下的弯曲行为,分析材料特征尺度参数与板厚比、材料各向异性和功能梯度参数对微板挠度、正应力和偶应力尺度效应的影响,定量标定考虑尺度效应时正交各向异性功能梯度微板结构的临界几何尺寸参数。研究结果表明:应用本文模型求解的微板挠度和正应力总是小于经典弹性Kirchhoff板模型解;板厚与材料尺度参数比值越小,微板挠度和正应力的尺度效应越明显;功能梯度参数对微板挠度、正应力和偶应力的尺度效应有一定影响;沿2个正交方向的特征尺度参数对微板挠度、正应力和偶应力的尺度效应影响程度不同。

Abstract: Based on the new modified couple stress theory and Kirchhoff elastic plate theory, the size-dependent bending behaviors of orthotropic functionally graded microplates with material parameters varying continuously along the thickness direction were studied. The basic variables of orthotropic functionally graded microplates, such as stress, couple stress, strain and curvature, were described as the function of partial derivative of displacement component by introducing different material length-scale parameters in two orthogonal directions. The equilibrium equation and boundary conditions of the microplate were derived according to the principle of minimum potential energy. Employing the presented model, the bending behavior of a four-sided simply supported microplate under bidirectional sinusoidal distributed loads with the materials parameters was studied, such as elastic modulus, shear modulus and material length-scale parameters, varying with the thickness in a sinusoidal gradient function. The effects of the ratio of length scale parameters to the plate thickness, material anisotropy and functional graded parameters on the size effects of deflection, normal stress and couple stress were analyzed. The critical geometric dimension parameters of orthotropic functionally graded microplates with consideration of the size effect were quantitatively calibrated. The results show that the solutions of the deflection and normal stress of the microplates are always smaller than those of the classical elastic Kirchhoff plate model. The smaller the ratio of plate thickness to material length scale parameters, the more obvious the size effects of the deflection and normal stress. The size effects of deflection, normal stress and couple stress of the microplate are influenced by the functionally graded parameter. The length-scale parameters in two orthogonal directions have different effects on the scale effects of deflection, normal stress and couple stress of the microplate.

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