非饱和土渗流特性对库岸边坡稳定性的影响

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第2期

论文作者:刘博 李江腾 王泽伟 廖峻 郝瑞卿

文章页码:515 - 521

关键词:边坡;安全系数;强度折减法;非饱和土渗流特性

Key words:slope; factor of safety; shear strength reduced method; unsaturated soil seepage behavior

摘    要:通过对大型有限元软件ABAQUS进行二次开发,建立库水位下降条件下库岸边坡的数值模型,并结合土水特性曲线估算公式,通过改变其中3个待定参数a,m和n,分析土体不同的非饱和渗流特性对边坡内浸润线位置及边坡安全系数的影响。研究结果表明:非饱和土相对渗透系数与基质吸力关系曲线与库岸边坡的浸润面位置和安全系数有极大的相关性;a反映非饱和土的进气值和非饱和土渗透系数的变化率,其取值越大越有利于非饱和土的渗流,有利于土坡的超孔隙水压力扩散,其对安全系数的影响可达20%以上,这一影响并不低于饱和土渗透系数对库岸边坡稳定性的影响;m反映非饱和土的剩余饱和度,但其对相对渗透系数及边坡安全系数的影响都很小;n是控制土水特性曲线拐点斜率的参数,同时也影响进气值,故其对库岸边坡的浸润面和安全系数也有较大影响。

Abstract: A numerical model of a reservoir slope under the condition of drawdown was built based on the secondary development of the finite element analysis program ABAQUS, and it was combined with the equation for the soil-water characteristic curve by changing the three undetermined parameters a, m and n in the equation. The influence of different seepage behaviors of unsaturated soil on the position of phreatic line and factor of safety of the slope was analyzed. The results show that it is highly related to the relative permeability coefficient-matric suction curve of unsaturated soil, position of phreatic line and factor of safety of slope. Among the three parameters, a reflects the air entry and the change rate of permeability coefficient of unsaturated soil, and the bigger the value of a, the more advantageous for the seepage of unsaturated soil, as well as for the dissipation of the excess pore pressure, and the Fos can be improved by up to 20%. The degree of this influence is almost equivalent with the influence of the permeability coefficient of saturated soil. Parameter m reflects the rest saturation degree of unsaturated soil, but its effect on the relative permeability coefficient and Fos is very small. Parameter n controls the gradient of the inflection point in soil-water characteristic curve, and it also affects the air entry value, so it influences the phreatic line and Fos of the slope a lot.

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