大直径气力反循环钻头结构参数数值模拟与优化

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2013年第10期

论文作者:赵志强 殷琨 博坤 殷其雷 张五钊

文章页码:4264 - 4273

关键词:大直径钻头;气力反循环;引射器;计算流体动力学;正交设计

Key words:large-diameter DTH hammer bit; air reverse circulation; ejector; computational fluid dynamics; orthogonal design

摘    要:为实现大直径嵌岩桩孔在浅孔和干孔时的气力反循环排渣,解决无法使用气举和泵吸反循环排渣的技术难题,设计基于引射器原理的大直径潜孔锤气力反循环钻头。采用正交试验设计方法,运用计算流体动力学(CFD)仿真技术,探索引射器原理在大直径钻井反循环排渣中应用的可行性。理论分析表明:钻头结构的6个关键参数即喷嘴直径(Dn)、喷嘴数量(N)、喷嘴长度(L)、喷嘴倾斜角度(θs)、喷嘴偏转角度(θd)和引导段直径(Dg)直接影响着排渣效果;基于引射器原理设计的大直径钻头反循环效果可靠、稳定;当GQF-16潜孔锤供风量为50 m3/min,钻头直径为1.2 m时,Dn=20 mm,N=3,L=50 mm,θs=35°,θd=10°,Dg=50 mm为钻头最优理论结构参数组合。

Abstract: In order to achieve cutting transport with air reverse circulation in dry and shallow large-diameter holes of rock-socketed pile, and solve the technical problem with air-lift and pump reverse circulation, a large-diameter reverse circulation bit was innovatively designed based on ejecting theory. Meanwhile, the orthogonal design method and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation technique were applied to explore the application feasibility of ejector theory in use of in air reverse circulation drilling. Through theory analysis, six key geometry parameters of air reverse circulation bit were proved to have direct effect on the function of cutting transport, including the diameter of nozzles (Dn), the number of nozzles (N), the length of nozzles (L), the angle of inclination (θs), the angle of deflection (θd) and the diameter in induced segment(Dg). Each parameter was analysed and optimized to reveal influence law of structural parameters on reverse circulation cutting transport. The results show that the reverse circulation effect of large diameter bit designed based on ejecting theory is absolutely valid and stable. Furthermore, while the supplied air volume of GQF-16 DTH hammer reaches to 50 m3/min and diameter of the bit goes to 1.2 m, a configuration of parameters with Dn=20 mm, N=3, L=50 mm, θs=35°, θd=10°, Dg=50 mm are the most ideal parameter combinations.

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