Mg-Er金属间化合物稳定性与电子结构的 第一性原理研究

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2014年第2期

论文作者:王文静 刘子利 刘希琴 张志东 王渠东

文章页码:343 - 351

关键词:Mg-Er金属间化合物;第一性原理;稳定性;电子结构

Key words:Mg-Er intermetallic compounds; first-principle; structural stability; electronic structure

摘    要:采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势方法优化Mg-Er合金体系中MgEr、Mg2Er和Mg24Er5这3种金属间化合物的结构模型,通过形成热、结合能和电子结构的计算分析了化合物的稳定性与其晶体结构的内在联系。结果表明:3种Mg-Er金属间化合物的形成热和结合能均为负值,化合物的形成能力和稳定性均随着化合物中Er含量的降低而降低。在费米能级低能级区域,Mg的3s、2p轨道与Er的4f、5d轨道发生重叠,产生了轨道杂化;在费米能级高能级区域,Mg的2p轨道与Er的5d轨道也存在少量的杂化。随着化合物中Er含量的降低,化合物中平均每个原子在费米能级低能级处的成键电子数减少,化合物的稳定性降低。在Mg、Er原子周围均有大量的电荷存在,呈典型的金属键特征,Mg、Er之间的电子云只有部分重叠,交界处电荷的畸变不大。Mg-Er金属间化合物的价键结合具有金属键和共价键两重性,其中金属键占主导地位。Mg、Er原子的电荷转移量随化合物中Er含量降低而减少,化合物的共价键性降低,稳定性下降。

Abstract: Using the first-principle pseudopotential plane wave (PPW) method based on the density functional theory, structural optimization was conducted on MgEr, Mg2Er and Mg24Er5 intermetallic compounds of the binary Mg-Er alloys, and the internal relations of the stability and crystal structure of the Mg-Er intermetallic compounds were analyzed by calculating the formation heat, binding energy and electronic structure. The results show that in Mg-Er alloys, the formation heat and binding energy of three intermetallic compounds are all negative, and the alloying ability and structural stability of Mg-Er compounds are in decline with decreasing the content of Er. In low-energy region of Fermi level, the energy band is mainly dominated by hybridization of 4f and 5d orbits of Er with the 2p and 3s orbits of Mg, while in high-energy region of the Fermi level, those bonds are mainly contributed by electrons of 5d orbits of Er and 2p orbits of Mg. As the Er content decreases, the average quantities of bonding electron of each atom in low-energy region of Fermi level drops, which results in the weakened interaction among valence electrons and the reduced stability. There are a large number of charges around Mg and Er, suggesting the characteristics of typical metal bond. Meanwhile, Mg and Er share some charges to form covalent bond, while the distortion of the charge at the junction is little. Therefore, the valence bond of Mg-Er intermetallic compound has a characteristic of the duality wherein the metal bond predominates. With decreasing the Er content, the amount of charge transfer between Mg and Er atoms reduces gradually, which leads to the decrement of the proportion of covalent bond and the structural stability.

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