铝酸钠溶液净化除锂及其反应机理研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第3期

论文作者:齐天贵 唐文奇 彭志宏 刘桂华 周秋生 李小斌

文章页码:579 - 587

关键词:铝酸钠;除锂;铝锂水化合物;沉锂动力学

Key words:sodium aluminate; lithium removal; aluminium lithium hydrate; lithium deposition kinetics

摘    要:通过合成高活性氢氧化铝净化铝酸钠溶液中的锂,考察不同反应条件对沉锂效果的影响,并对除锂反应机理进行研究。通过XRD和SEM分析,对沉锂产物进行表征。基于不同条件下沉锂率与反应时间的关系,构建Avrami 动力学方程。研究结果表明:在苛性比αk(即溶液中Na2Ok与Al2O3物质的量比)为1.45的铝酸钠溶液中,控制温度为353 K,高活性氢氧化铝添加量为1.3 g/L,反应时间为120 min,沉锂率可达80.04%;高活性氢氧化铝与溶液中锂离子发生沉淀反应,其沉锂产物为Li2Al4(CO3)(OH)12·3H2O;在348~363 K温度范围内,沉锂过程的表观活化能Ea=16.474 kJ/mol,指前因子A=160.355 min-1,速率常数k可以表示为k=160.355×

Abstract: The lithium in sodium aluminate solution was purified by high activity aluminum hydroxide. The effects of different reaction conditions on lithium removal were investigated, and the mechanism of lithium removal reaction was studied. The lithium precipitation products were characterized by XRD and SEM. Based on the relationship between lithium deposition rate and reaction time under different conditions, the Avrami kinetic equation was established. The results show that in sodium aluminate solution with caustic ratio αk (i.e. the molar ratio of Na2Ok and Al2O3) of 1.45, lithium deposition rate can reach 80.04% when the temperature is 353 K, the addition of high active aluminium hydroxide is 1.3 g/L, and the reaction time is 120 min. High active aluminium hydroxide reacts with lithium ions in solution, and the precipitation product is Li2Al4(CO3)(OH)12·3H2O. The apparent activation energy in the range of 348-363 K is 16.474 kJ/mol in lithium deposition process, the pre-exponential factor A is 160.355 min-1, and the rate constant k can be expressed as k=160.355× .

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