三元乳化体系中“核-壳”结构苯丙乳液的制备及其性能研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第1期

论文作者:杨春明 刘小华 蒋敏 尹成杰 邓翠芬

文章页码:41 - 48

关键词:三元乳化体系;核-壳结构;苯丙乳液;半连续种子乳液聚合

Key words:ternary emulsifier system; core-shell structure; styrene-acrylic emulsion; semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization

摘    要:在阴离子活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、两性活性剂十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱(BS-12)与自制改性炔二醇活性剂(R-DDTM)组成的三元复配乳化体系中,采用半连续种子乳液聚合法制备苯丙乳液。通过正交试验考察核-壳单体质量比、壳的玻璃化转变温度及成壳聚合反应温度对核-壳结构苯丙乳液性能的影响。借助透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、激光粒度分析(DLS)及差示扫描量热(DSC)等手段对核-壳结构苯丙乳液的形貌、结构和性能进行表征。研究结果表明:采用三元乳化剂体系制备的苯丙乳胶粒子呈球形核-壳结构,粒径为100 nm左右,且乳胶粒子单分散性良好;当核-壳单体质量比为1:1,成壳聚合反应温度为80 ℃时制备的硬核软壳型苯丙乳液具有良好的成膜性和较强的稳定性,其乳胶胶膜耐水性良好,吸水率较低,光泽度及透明性高。

Abstract: Styrene-acrylic emulsion with a core-shell structure was synthesized via semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization under a ternary emulsifier system of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), zwitterionic surfactant dodecyl dimethyl betaine (BS-12) and self-made modified surfynol surfactant (R-DDTM). The effect of the mass ratio of core to shell, the designed shell glass transition temperature and the shell reaction temperature on the performance of resulting emulsion was investigated by orthogonal experiments. The micrographs, structure and performance of core-shell styrene-acrylic emulsion were characterized by TEM, FT-IR, DLS and DSC techniques. The results show that the styrene-acrylic emulsion prepared in the ternary emulsifier system has an obvious core-shell sphere structure with mean latex particle size of 100 nm and good monodispersity. The styrene-acrylic emulsion with a hard core-soft shell structure has good film-forming properties and excellent stability when it is prepared under mass ratio of core to shell 1:1, and shell-forming reaction temperature of 80 ℃. The formed film of core-shell styrene-acrylic emulsion exhibits strong water resistance, low water absorption, high gloss and good transparency.

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