小口径水力双循环双壁钻具设计与应用

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第1期

论文作者:吴晶晶 张绍和 施莉

文章页码:186 - 193

关键词:坑道钻探;双循环钻进;双壁钻具;冲洗液漏失

Key words:tunnel exploration; dual circulation drilling; double-wall drill tools; drilling fluid leakage

摘    要:针对矿山坑道钻探中遇到松散、裂隙、节理发育的岩层或溶洞以及不含水的砂砾、卵石、漂石层时冲洗液大量漏失的问题,设计一套适用于坑道钻探的小口径水力双循环双壁钻具,拟解决坑道钻探中冲洗液漏失等问题。钻具中冲洗液从弯管进入内外管之间的环状通道到达孔底钻头处,20%冲洗液进入外管与孔壁之间的环状通道,起润滑孔壁、冷却钻头的作用;80%冲洗液进入内管,携带岩心返出孔外,减少冲洗液与地层接触量,从而改善冲洗液漏失问题。现场试验结果显示:岩心正常返出孔外,从钻具内管返出的冲洗液量约占泵送的总冲洗液量的80%。该套水力双循环双壁钻具能够解决坑道钻探中冲洗液漏失的问题,保证连续取芯的顺利进行。

Abstract: For the problems of drilling fluid leakage in the loosed, fissure-developing rock or karst cave and moisture-free gravel, pebble, boulder layer, which appear in tunnel drilling of mines, a set of small-bore hydraulic dual circulation double-wall drill tools which was suitable for tunnel exploration were designed. The flushing fluid in drilling tool flows into the annular channel between the inner and external tubes from the bend and reaches the bottom of the bit. 20% of flushing fluid, which has the function to lubricate hole wall and cool bit cutters, flows into the annular channel between the external tubes and hole wall. 80% of flushing fluid flows into the inner tube to carry the core out of the hole, which reduces the interface between the flushing fluid and stratum, consequently remedying the flushing fluid leakage problems. The field test results show that the core can be carried to hole-outside successfully, and the flushing fluid returning to hole-outside accounts for about 80%. The set of double-wall drill tools can solve the problem of drilling fluid leakage in tunnel exploration.

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