时效对固溶+冷轧7075铝合金力学性能和显微组织的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2018年第10期

论文作者:李海 陈鹏 王芝秀 郑子樵

文章页码:1999 - 2009

关键词:7075铝合金;形变热处理;显微组织;力学性能

Key words:7075 aluminum alloy; thermomechanical treatment; microstructure; mechanical property

摘    要:采用拉伸测试、金相显微镜、XRD及TEM等方法,研究时效处理对经历固溶+冷轧的7075铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响规律。力学性能测试表明:80、100、120 ℃时效均能显著提高合金强度并保持一定塑性。(475 ℃, 1 h固溶处理)+80%压下量冷轧+(80 ℃, 48 h)时效合金的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为773 MPa、720 MPa和5%。显微组织分析表明:相较于冷轧合金,时效合金强度的提高源于冷轧加工硬化(高的位错密度、高的轧制织构体积分数及细化的晶粒尺寸)和析出强化的共同作用;时效合金伸长率的改善与位错回复程度和析出相特征同时相关。此外,根据时效析出和位错回复特征,分析了时效过程中合金强度和伸长率的变化规律。

Abstract: The effects of ageing at 80, 100 and 120 ℃ on the mechanical properties and microstructures of 7075 Al alloy solution treated at 475 ℃ for 1 h and cold-rolled at room temperature by thickness reduction of 80% were studied by tensile test, optical microscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Tensile test results show that the strength of the alloy is significantly improved by the thermomechanical treatment with acceptable ductility. Especially, after being aged at 80 ℃ for 48 h, the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and elongation to failure of the alloy are 773 MPa, 720 MPa and 5%, respectively. Microstructural observations show that the strength of the alloy is attributed to the combination of cold-rolling work hardening (high dislocation density, increased rolling textures and refined grains) and precipitation strengthening. Meanwhile, the improved elongation of the alloy is mainly due to dislocation recovery and ageing precipitation. Furthermore, the change in strength and ductility of the alloy during ageing was analyzed further based on the dislocation density and precipitation characterization.

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