铝电解金属陶瓷惰性阳极气体及电解质流场仿真

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2010年第4期

论文作者:张红亮 王志刚 李劼 赖延清

文章页码:1256 - 1262

关键词:铝电解;惰性阳极;阳极气体;电解质;流场仿真

Key words:aluminum electrolysis; inert anode; anode gas; electrolyte; flow field simulation

摘    要:采用有限体积法仿真计算惰性阳极气体运动及其带动下的电解质流动,并研究工艺及结构参数对阳极气体和电解质流场的影响。研究结果表明:电解质沿阳极中心呈对称循环流动,距离阳极气体越近,电解质流速越大;气体流速随气泡直径的增大而增加,电解质流速先下降后增加,气泡直径控制在3 mm为宜;若电流、电解温度和阳极浸入电解质深度增加,则气体的平均流速降低,电解质平均流速增加,应适当降低电流、电解温度和阳极浸入电解质深度;极距增加,则气体平均流速增加,电解质平均流速降低,可适当增加极距;阳极结构本身对流场结果有一定影响,若阳极半径增加,则气体的平均流速增加,电解质平均流速降低,合理的阳极倒角半径为35~40 mm。

Abstract: The anode gas movement and its induced electrolyte flow field were calculated using finite volume method and the effect of structural and technical parameters was also considered. The results show that the electrolyte moves symmetrically and circularly with bigger velocity near the anode gas. The gas velocity increases with the increase of bubble diameter while the electrolyte velocity increases firstly and then decreases, which is beneficial to control the bubble diameter to be 3 mm. With the increase of current, temperature and anode immersion depth, the average velocity of gas reduces while the average velocity of electrolyte increases, so the current, temperature and anode immersion depth should be lowered properly. The anode-cathode distance can be increased properly because increasing anode-cathode distance can accelerate the average velocity of gas and reduce the electrolyte velocity. The anode structure itself has some influence on the flow field, the average velocity of gas and electrolyte increases and reduces respectively with the increase of anode radius, while the reasonable anode chamfer radius is 35-40 mm.

基金信息:国家高技术研究发展计划资助项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目

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