降雨对炭质泥岩-土分层路堤渗流与变形影响的模型试验

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2018年第11期

论文作者:曾铃 付宏渊 陈镜丞 邱祥

文章页码:2852 - 2861

关键词:分层路堤;模型试验;降雨入渗;炭质泥岩;渗流特性;变形特征

Key words:stratified embankment; model experiment; rainfall infiltration; carbonaceous mudstone; seepage characteristics; deformation characteristics

摘    要:为研究降雨入渗对炭质泥岩-土分层路堤渗流特征与稳定性的影响,基于室内模型试验,利用含水率、张力计、土压力盒等测试元件,开展炭质泥岩-土分层路堤渗流及变形特性对降雨响应的物理模型试验。研究结果表明:在降雨条件下,边坡内部土体含水率(基质吸力)的变化规律可以归纳为基本稳定、快速增长(降低)、缓慢增加(降低)与持续降低(升高)共4个阶段,分层填筑路堤中的低渗透性土层能降低雨水在高渗透性土层中的迁移速率;在降雨过程中,坡体内部土体含水率的升高幅度与高程成反比,含水率的下降幅度与高程成正比,含水率的响应时间、升降幅度与距坡面的距离成反比,基质吸力随时间的变化规律与含水率随时间的变化规律基本相反;降雨开始后,坡脚下部土体应力沿坡体内部水平指向坡面的方向先增大后减小,坡顶水平位移沿坡体内部水平指向坡面的方向、坡顶竖直位移沿竖直向下的方向持续增大,坡脚下部土体应力、坡顶位移的变化与边坡稳定性的变化具有较大的相关性。

Abstract: In order to study the effect of rainfall infiltration on seepage characteristics and stability of carbonaceous mudstone-soil stratified embankment, physical model test of carbonaceous mudstone-soil stratified embankment under rainfall condition was carried out based on indoor model test method. In this test, water quality tester, tension meter, earth pressure box and dial gauge were used. The results show that under condition of rainfall, the variation laws of soil water content inside the slope (matrix suction) can be summarized into four stages, i.e. basic stability, rapid increase (decrease), slow increase (decrease) and continuous decrease (increase). The low-permeability soil in stratified embankment can reduce the migration rate of rainwater in high permeability soil. During the rainfall process, the increase of soil water content in the slope is inversely proportional to the elevation and the decrease of soil water content is proportional to the elevation. The response time and amplitude of soil water content are inversely proportional to the distance from slope surface. The change law of matrix suction with time is basically opposite to that of water content. When rainfall begins, the soil thrust under slope foot first increase in the direction of pointing horizontally to slope surface along the inside of slope, and then decreases. The horizontal displacement of slope top increase in the direction of pointing horizontally to slope surface and vertical displacement of slope top continuously increase along the vertical downward direction. The change of thrust under slope foot and displacement of slope top have a great correlation with the slope stability.

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