相组成对Cr-Nb合金高温氧化行为的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2008年第12期

论文作者:郑海忠 鲁世强 王克鲁 董显娟

文章页码:2172 - 2177

关键词:Cr-Nb合金;Laves相;软第二相;相组成;氧化行为

Key words:Cr-Nb alloys; Laves phase; ductile phase; phase composition; oxidation behavior

摘    要:采用机械活金化+热压烧结法制备5种不同相组成的Cr-Nb合金,研究相组成对Cr-Nb合金在950~1 200 ℃空气中氧化行为的影响。结果表明,Cr相能显著增加NbCr2合金950 ℃的抗氧化性能;而Nb相不利于合金高温抗氧化性的提高,甚至发生灾难性氧化。SEM和XRD分析显示,单相Cr-2.5Nb合金发生了Cr的外氧化,只形成单一的Cr2O3膜;而双相Cr-18.5Nb合金和单相Laves相NbCr2合金均发生Cr的外氧化和内氧化,形成两层结构的氧化膜。但随着氧化温度增加到1200℃,由于Cr2O3的挥发,导致Cr-Nb合金高温抗氧化性变差。因此,为满足实际高温应用要求,对富软第二相Cr或Nb的NbCr2基合金实施相应的表面防护是必须的。

Abstract: Five types of Cr-Nb alloys with different phase constitutions were fabricated by mechanical alloying and hot pressing. The influence of phase constitution on the oxidation behavior of the hot pressed Cr-Nb alloys were investigated at 950?1 200 ℃ in air. The results show that Cr phase improves the oxidation resistance of Laves phase NbCr2 based compounds at 950 ℃. However, Nb phase deteriorated the oxidation resistance, moreover, Nb phase results in a catastrophic failure during oxidation. SEM and XRD analyses indicate that the CrSS phase (Cr-2.5Nb) exhibits selective Cr oxidation and forms a continuous chromia scale. However, single phase alloys of Cr-33Nb and two phase alloys of Cr-18.5Nb exhibit that internal and external oxidation happen simultaneously for the active element chromium, and their oxide scales are made with a multi-layered scale consisting of an outer layer being a porous, loosely adherent Cr2O3 layer and the inner layer being of CrNbO4. With the exposure temperature increasing up to 1 200 ℃, the oxidation resistance of Cr-rich Cr-Nb alloys decreases due to the continuous vaporization of CrO3 in the oxide scale. Therefore, it is necessary to apply surface protective coatings on Cr(or Nb)-NbCr2 alloys to promote their application in the high temperature environment.

基金信息:国家自然科学基金资助项目
航空科学基金资助项目
江西省自然科学基金资助项目
江西省材料科学与工程研究中心基金资助项目

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