大铸锭铝熔体中超声振动系统空化区域分析及实验研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第10期

论文作者:董方 李晓谦 张敏

文章页码:3625 - 3631

关键词:超声辐射杆;纵横振动;空化区域

Key words:ultrasound radiation; longitudinal and transverse vibration; cavitation region

摘    要:根据比值校正法利用激光测距仪对超声系统辐射杆振动进行测试,其结果进行幅值谱校正后得到辐射杆位移幅值分布,分别对超声变幅杆浸入铝溶液及水中不同深度进行空蚀分布实验,运用有限元法对水及铝熔体中空化区域进行模拟。研究结果表明:振动系统在谐振点以下电流更加稳定,声流效应不易产生突变;超声振动系统辐射杆以纵向振动为主,声压幅值在铝熔体中辐射杆端面法线上单调递减;侧面横向振动的最大振动幅值约为端面纵振幅1/2,位置约为端面以上15~55 mm处;空化区域仿真结果与实验结果基本吻合。

Abstract: Vibration test was done for a piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer for casting by laser range finder, the displacement amplitude distribution of end and cylindrical surface was obtained through amplitude spectrum correction for the vibration series based on interpolation method, and cavitation erosion test with different depths of the ultrasonic horn was immersed in the solution of aluminum and water. Finite element methods was used to carry on the numerical simulation cavitation. The results show that the current in the resonant points below the vibration system is more stable, and it is not easy for acoustic streaming effect. The experiments of ultrasonic casting of aluminium alloy were carried out when the depth of ultrasonic vibration was applied on melt. The max amplitude of transverse vibration reaches 1/2 of the longitudinal vibration amplitude and the peak of transverse vibration appears above the end surface 15-55 mm. When the depth of vibration increases, the cavitation area was reduced. Cavitation simulation results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

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