低温冻结条件下板岩破坏类型及单轴抗压强度试验研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第11期

论文作者:张加兵 傅鹤林 伍毅敏 黄震 史越 王成洋

文章页码:3051 - 3060

关键词:板岩;低温冻结;单轴抗压强度;破坏类型;单轴压缩试验

Key words:slate; low freezing temperature; uniaxial compressive strength; failure forms; uniaxial compression experiment

摘    要:为揭示低温冻结作用对板岩破坏类型及抗压强度的影响,采用DX-40型低温数控试验箱、DNS100微型控制电子万能试验机进行7种不同层理倾角β和6种不同试验温度t的单轴压缩试验,对其应力-应变曲线以及单轴抗压强度、峰值应变、破坏类型的变化规律进行分析。在JAEGER层理面理论的基础上,建立以冻结温度和层理倾角为控制变量的单轴抗压强度公式,给出影响板岩破坏类型的2个极限角度β1和β2的表达式,并通过试验结果验证强度公式的正确性。研究结果表明:受低温冻结作用的影响,板岩的单轴抗压强度随温度降低呈指数增加;板岩的单轴抗压强度随倾角增加先减小后增大;在低温冻结条件下,板岩的破坏类型有3种,即当0°≤β<27.0°时,板岩沿与竖直轴线呈一定角度的方向发生剪切破坏;当27.0°≤β≤82.7°时,板岩沿层理面发生剪切破坏;当82.7°<β≤90.0°时,板岩沿垂直方向发生劈裂破坏。

Abstract: To reveal the effect of low temperature frost on compressive strength and failure forms of slate, uniaxial compression tests under seven kinds of bedding angle β and 6 kinds of temperature t were tested by low temperature numerical control incubator DX-40 and computer-controlled electronic versatile testing machine DNS100. Stress-strain curves, uniaxial compressive strength, peak strain and failure forms varying with bedding angle and frost temperature were analyzed. Based on JAEGER’s single discontinuity theory, empirical formula of uniaxial compressive strength taking bedding angle and frost temperature as control variables was established and the expressions of two limit angle of β1 and β2 that affect on failure forms of slate were given. The analysis method was verified by experimental results. The results show that the uniaxial compressive strength of slate increase exponentially with the decrease of temperature due to the effects of freezing. The uniaxial compressive strength of slate first decreases and then increases with the increase of the bedding angle. There are three kinds of failure forms under uniaxial compression, i.e., when the bedding angle β is 0°≤β<27.0°, shear failure happens along the direction which has a certain angle with vertical axis; when 27.0°≤β≤82.7°, shear failure happens along the bedding plane; when 82.7°<β≤90.0°, splitting failure happens along the vertical direction.

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