贺兰山北段古元古代S型花岗岩岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第1期

论文作者:张道涵 刘金科 魏俊浩 付乐兵 谭俊 王大钊 施海鹏 王艺龙

文章页码:187 - 198

关键词:S型花岗岩;孔兹岩带;贺兰山北段;古元古代;地球化学;华北克拉通

Key words:S-type granite; Khondalite Belt; northern part of Helanshan; Paleoproterozoic; geochemistry; North China Craton

摘    要:对贺兰山北段似斑状花岗岩进行岩相学、岩石地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学进行研究,探讨其成因机制及其源岩性质。研究结果表明:似斑状花岗岩具有高物质的量比即n(Al2O3)/n(Na2O+K2O)(记为A/CNK,为1.18~1.29)、低FeOt和MgO质量分数比即w(FeOt)/w(MgO)(小于10)、低P2O5(质量分数为0.15%~0.22%)和高K2O (质量分数为5.09%~5.86%)的地球化学特征,属于典型的强过铝质S型花岗岩。岩石轻稀土富集,轻重稀土分异明显([w(La)/w(Yb)]N= 10.4~153.6),具有明显的Eu负异常(δ(Eu)=0.19~0.49);同时,岩体富集大离子亲石元素(LILE) K和Rb,亏损高场强元素(HFSE) Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf和Ti等。似斑状花岗岩与孔兹岩具有相似的微量和稀土元素地球化学特征,推断其应为孔兹岩部分熔融的产物。较低的w(CaO)/w(Na2O)、较高的w(Rb)/w(Sr)和w(Rb)/w(Ba)暗示孔兹岩的原岩应为泥质岩或是以泥质岩为主的、成熟度较高的沉积岩,反映其当时的沉积环境应为被动大陆边缘,而非活动大陆边缘。似斑状花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(1 922±31) Ma,与孔兹岩带内所记录的1.92~1.90 Ga期间的岩浆-变质事件相吻合,可能反映了构造体制由碰撞挤压到伸展的转变。

Abstract: Petrographic, geochemical and zircon U-Pb geochronological studies were performed on porphyritic granite in northern part of Helanshan area to discuss its formation mechanism and the nature of its source rocks. The results show that porphyritic granite has high n(Al2O3)/n(Na2O+K2O)(i.e., A/CNK, 1.18-1.29), low w(FeOt)/w(MgO) ratios (less than 10), low P2O5 (mass fraction ranging from 0.15% to 0.22%) and high K2O (mass fraction varying between 5.09% and 5.86%) contents, indicating that it belongs to peraluminous S-type granite. It is enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE) with significant differentiation between LREE and heavy rare earth elements (HREE), and shows markedly negative Eu anomalies (δ(Eu)=0.19-0.49). It is also enriched in large ion lithophile elements (LILE), e.g. K and Rb, and depleted in high field strength elements (HFSE), such as Nb, Ta, Zr, Hf and Ti. The porphyritic granite has similar trace and rare earth element characteristics to those of khondalites, suggesting it could be derived from the partial melting of khondalites. Low w(CaO)/w(Na2O), high w(Rb)/w(Sr) and w(Rb)/w(Ba) suggest that the protolith of khondalites could be pelite, or high mature sedimentary rocks with predominant proportion of pelite, indicating they are deposited in a passive rather than an active continental margin. LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age of porphyritic granite is (1 922±31) Ma, which is contemporaneous with 1.92-1.90 Ga magmatic and metamorphic events in Khondalite Belt, and that reflects the tectonic transformation from compression to extension.

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