不同制动速度下炭布叠层炭/炭复合材料的摩擦磨损行为及机理

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2002年第2期

论文作者:熊翔 黄伯云 徐惠娟 吉冬英 彭剑昕

文章页码:255 - 259

关键词:炭/炭复合材料;炭布叠层;制动速度;摩擦磨损

Key words:C/C composite; carbon fibre cloth; braking speed; friction and wear

摘    要:用模拟刹车制动的方法探讨了一种炭纤维布叠层炭/炭复合材料在不同制动速度下的摩擦磨损行为,并用扫描电子显微镜对摩擦表面进行了观察和分析。研究结果表明:在5m/s的制动速度下,该种材料表现出低的摩擦因数,但随制动速 度升高至20m/s时,摩擦因数迅速升高至最大值0.40;当制动速度增大到28m/s或30m/s时,摩擦因数仅略降低至0.35,该材料表现出优良的高速高能摩擦性能。另一方面,制动速度升高至20m/s时,即摩擦因数最大时,磨损才变得明显,而且随制动速度的继续升高,磨损呈直线增大。表面显微组织观察表明,在较低制动速度下,在摩擦表面产生了薄膜,对应摩擦因数较低,磨损小;在20~25m/s制动速度下,摩擦表面形成较厚的表面膜层,对应摩擦因数高,磨损大;在28~30m/s制动速度下,剧烈的摩擦剪切和氧化作用使摩擦表面严重破坏,表面基质炭氧化严重,纤维则被拉断或拔出。

Abstract: Frictional and wear behaviors of C/C Composites from a carbon fiber cloth were investigated with an inertial braking apparatus at different braking speeds. The frictional surfaces were examined with SEM. The results show that at the speed of 5m/s, the friction coefficient is very low (0.18). But it rapidly increases to the maximum of 0.40 at the speed of 20m/s. When the speed further increases to 28m/s or 30m/s, the friction coefficient decreases only a little to 0.35, demonstrating this material has excellent high speed and high energy braking properties. On the other hand, the wear becomes evident at the braking speed of 20m/s and increases linearly with increasing the speed. Results of the SEM observation show that at lower speeds, a smooth friction film is formed on the worn surfaces, correlating to lower friction coefficients and wear rates. At the speed of 20m/s or 25m/s, a thicker friction film is formed, correlating to higher friction coefficients and wear rates. When the speed increases to 28m/s or 30m/s, the strong friction shear and severe oxidation destroys the worn surface, and even fibers are fractured or pulled out.

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