旋风式反循环钻头结构设计与反循环效果分析

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第8期

论文作者:朱丽红 黄勇 殷琨 王京印

文章页码:2752 - 2759

关键词:反循环钻头;人造龙卷风;结构设计;气固两相流;数值模拟

Key words:reverse circulation bit; artificial tornado; structure design; gas-solid two-phase flow; numerical simulation

摘    要:为解决引射式反循环钻头在裂隙地层反循环不足问题,基于人造龙卷风的诱发机理,设计旋风式反循环钻头。应用计算流体动力学方法(CFD)对旋风钻头孔底气固流场进行数值模拟,并进一步对比引射钻头与旋风钻头的反循环能力。研究结果表明:旋风钻头钻进过程中,中心通道内的上升旋流对孔底气相流体产生抽吸作用,同时孔底岩屑随气流由钻孔底面上升进入中心通道,形成反循环。与引射钻头相比,旋风钻头在裂隙地层的反循环能力更强,其中心通道内气相流体的最低压力小于-8 kPa、最大流速超过100 m/s,整体携岩效率高于95%,该型钻头可以解决裂隙地层反循环不足问题。

Abstract: In order to overcome the lack of sample for drilling in fractured formation by ejector-type reverse circulation bit, a tornado-type reverse circulation bit on the basis of artificial tornado was designed. Based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the gas-solid flow field in tornado-type bit was simulated, and the ability of reverse circulation between the two bits was contrasted. The results show that during the drilling of tornado-type bit, the rising swirl pump the gas and cuttings in hole-bottom into center channel and the reverse circulation forms. Compared with the ejector-type bit, the tornado-type bit has a stronger capability of reverse circulation. In the center channel of the bit, the gas pressure is less than -8 kPa, velocity is more than 100 m/s, and the efficiency of cuttings-carrying is higher than 95%. The tornado-type bit can resolve the foregoing problem.

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