冲击荷载作用下岩石压动态和拉动态损伤模型

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第2期

论文作者:谢福君 张家生 陈俊桦

文章页码:420 - 428

关键词:岩石;动力损伤作用;压缩; 拉伸;爆破数值模拟

Key words:rock; dynamic damage; compression; tension; numerical simulation of blasting

摘    要:根据经典岩石冲击动态损伤模型和统计损伤力学理论,提出冲击荷载加载条件下的岩石压、拉统计损伤本构模型和冲击损伤判据模型。在该损伤模型中,将损伤演化关系分为体积压缩损伤和体积拉伸损伤2种。应用提出的损伤模型和经典动态拉伸损伤模型分别进行爆破损伤数值模拟,并将数值计算结果和现场实测结果进行对比。研究结果表明:与炮孔轴向相比,炮孔径向是爆破破裂延伸的主方向;沿炮孔径向主要发生拉伸破裂,孔底下方主要发生压缩破裂;与基于经典冲击动态拉伸损伤模型的数值计算结果相比,根据损伤模型得到的爆破破裂范围特别是孔底正下方破裂深度与实测值相差不大且最接近实测值,表明所提出的损伤模型是合理的,具有实用性。

Abstract: An impact-induced damage constitutive model based on classical impact-induced constitutive models and statistic damage mechanics was presented. In the model, damage evolutions were considered to be caused by volume compression and volume tension, respectively, and the presented model considered that compression strength of rock was much bigger than its tension strength. Numerical simulation of blasting was conducted according to the presented model. Results of blasting-induced fracture zone among the numerical simulation based on presented model and those of the blasting numerical simulation based on current tension damage model and actual measurement in field were comparied. The results show that the cardinal extension direction of fracture zone is the radial direction of blast hole rather than the axial direction of blast hole. The tension-induced fracture mainly appears along the radial direction while the compression-induced fracture mainly appears along the axial direction. The blasting-induced fracture zone obtained from the numerical simulation based on the presented model, especially the fracture depth under blast hole, is much closer to the actual measurement result than that obtained from the numerical simulation based on the current dynamic tension damage models. There is little difference between the numerical simulation results based on the presented model and actual measurement, indicating that the presented model is reasonable and useful.

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