级配与颗粒形状对复杂堆积体路基填料剪切性能影响的离散元模拟研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2021年第7期

论文作者:肖源杰 华文俊 王萌 郑俊星 王小明 陈晓斌

文章页码:2332 - 2349

关键词:隧道施工弃渣;离散单元法;级配;颗粒形状;直剪试验

Key words:rock debris from tunneling; discrete element method; gradation; particle morphology; direct shear tests

摘    要:为探究复杂堆积体填料用于路基填筑的可行性,基于计算机视觉实现堆积体颗粒的三维外形重构,获取颗粒的几何形状参数(棱角指数和长细比)、粒径及其分布;通过开展不同竖向应力水平下的大型直剪试验,研究级配和颗粒形状对堆积体填料剪切性能的影响规律,进而构建基于真实颗粒形状的堆积体填料直剪试验的离散元模型,研究颗粒运动、接触网络、组构异性和配位数等微细观特征的演化规律,建立颗粒微细观参数与堆积体填料宏观剪切行为之间的关联机制。研究结果表明:棱角指数和长细比大的堆积体填料具有更高的抗剪强度,中值粒径与抗剪强度呈明显的正相关;粗颗粒含量多、级配良好的堆积体填料,颗粒间的相互作用随棱角指数的增大而增强,颗粒间的相互错动随颗粒长细比的增大而加剧;残余强度与峰值强度之比随棱角指数的增大、长细比的减小而增大;压密后的密实程度随棱角指数的减小、长细比的增大而增大,初始变形模量和剪胀量也更大。

Abstract: In order to explore the feasibility of rock debris used for subgrade filling, three-dimensional shape reconstruction of particles was realized based on computer vision, and the geometric shape parameters including angularity index and flat and elongated ratio, particle size and its distribution were obtained. The effects of gradation and particle morphology on the shear strength behavior of rock debris were studied from large-scale direct shear tests with different levels of normal stress. Further, the discrete element model(DEM) of laboratory direct shear tests was established by using element shape library digitized from real particles and calibrated from laboratory test results. The micro-mechanical characteristics including particle movement, inter-particle contact force network, fabric evolution, and coordination number during the shearing process were simulated and linked to the macro-scale shear behavior. The results show that particles of rock debris with larger angularity index and flat and elongated ratio exhibit greater shear strength. A significant positive correlation was found between the median diameter and shear strength. Specimens of rock debris with a larger median diameter and wider size distribution show stronger inter-particle interaction with the increase of angularity index and greater tendency of particle sliding with the increase of flat and elongated ratio. The ratio of residual shear stress to peak shear stress increases with increasing angularity index and decreasing flat and elongated ratio. Specimens of rock debris with smaller angularity index and larger flat and elongated ratio show better compaction, greater levels of initial deformation modulus, and shear-induced volume dilatancy.

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