螺纹硬态旋风铣削轴承钢GCr15切屑形貌及特性试验研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第9期

论文作者:王禹林 何彦 白云龙 李丽 李育锋 易力力

文章页码:2138 - 2148

关键词:螺纹硬态旋风铣削;锯齿形貌;显微结构;纳米硬度;轴承钢GCr15

Key words:thread hard whirlwind milling; saw-tooth morphology; microstructure; nanohardness; bearing steel GCr15

摘    要:为了揭示螺纹硬态旋风铣削的材料去除和切屑微观锯齿成形机理,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜(SEM)和纳米压痕法硬度测试等对淬硬轴承钢GCr15的旋风铣削切屑的锯齿形貌几何特征、显微结构和纳米硬度进行试验研究,观测并分析其在切屑上的分布及变化规律,并讨论锯齿节在切削力、热作用下的形成机理。研究结果表明:旋风铣削切屑微观锯齿高度、齿距、锯齿化程度、倾斜角和变形系数在长度方向上存在波动;显微结构和纳米硬度在宏观切屑长度上和微观锯齿上分布不均匀;绝热剪切带和第二变形区的材料经历了剧烈的剪切变形和二次淬火,其硬度高于内部基体和未加工工件表面的硬度。这解释了锯齿特征波动的原因,说明单次切削过程中力、热条件的不稳定性。

Abstract: Aiming to reveal the mechanism of material removing and serrated chip forming in thread hard whirlwind milling process, the experimental investigation on the geometrical characteristics of saw-tooth morphology, microstructure and nanohardness of chips obtained from the whirlwind milling of hardened bearing steel GCr15 was conducted by metallographic, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and nanoindentation hardness test, and their distribution and variation were measured and analyzed. The saw-tooth formation mechanism under the effect of cutting force and heat were discussed. The results indicate that there are fluctuations of saw-tooth height, pitch, segmentation degree, inclination angle and deformation coefficient in the length direction of chips. The distributions of microstructure and nanohardness along the chip length and on the micro-sawtooth are not uniform. Materials in the adiabatic shear bands and secondary deformation zones undergo severe shear deformation and secondary quenching, of which the hardness is higher than that of the chip matrices and unmachined workpiece surface. These results explain the cause of the saw-tooth feature fluctuations and illustrate the instability of the force and heat conditions during single cutting.

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