重磁方法在海底热液硫化物勘探中的应用研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2011年第z2期

论文作者:杨永 姚会强 邓希光

文章页码:127 - 134

关键词:热液硫化物;拖曳调查;磁化强度;局部重力;反演

Key words:hydrothermal sulfide; tow survey; magnetization; local gravity; inversion

摘    要:海底热液多金属硫化物的发现已成为继多金属结核和富钴结壳之后在海底矿产勘查方面的又一重要发现。就勘探方法而言,重磁方法在热液硫化物勘探中发挥着重要作用。本研究从重磁调查方式、数据处理及热液硫化物的重磁异常特征3个方面总结了重磁方法在热液硫化物勘探中的应用。通过分析前人研究成果,形成以下几点认识:(1) 磁法测量主要采用海底拖曳调查,重力测量主要采用海底站点观测方式,海底拖曳重力测量目前运用较少,但具有一定的应用前景;(2) 磁化强度反演中,海水及沉积层的重力异常影响校正是重磁数据处理的关键;(3) 海底热液硫化物区在磁化强度反演结果上多表现为等轴状低值异常,在剩余基底布格重力异常上表现为局部重力高异常,这是重磁方法在热液硫化物勘探方面的2个重要找矿标志;(4) 就找矿效果来说,磁法勘探优于重力勘探,故其在热液硫化物勘探方面的应用前景更好。总之,重磁方法在海底热液硫化物勘探中能够发挥重要作用,特别是磁法勘探,不仅在活动热液区勘探中能够发挥作用,而且能够在非活动热液区的勘探中发挥一定作用。

Abstract: Following the discovery of polymetallic nodules and cobalt-rich crust, seafloor hydrothermal polymetallic sulfide has become another important discovery of seafloor resource exploration. Gravity and magnetic investigation play a significant role in hydrothermal polymetallic sulfide exploration, therefore, the application of gravity and magnetic methods in hydrothermal sulfide exploration was summarized in three aspects: survey means, data processing and gravity and magnetic anomalies characters of seafloor polymetallic sulfide deposit. According to previous studies, some suggestions are obtained and followed as below: (1) Deep-towed survey has widely been used in magnetic survey, but rarely in gravity survey, which is mainly by seafloor site survey. However, it is inferred that deep-towed gravity survey will be widely used in the future. (2) The magnetization inversion and gravity correction of sea-water and sediment layer is crucial to the data processing. (3) Low circular magnetization and high local residual gravity are two important characteristics of seafloor hydrothermal polymetallic sulfide area. (4) Magnetic is better than gravity in hydrothermal sulfide exploration. Therefore, gravity and magnetic methods can play an important role in hydrothermal sulfide exploration, especially magnetic method, which is useful in active and non-active area.

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