几种合成高铼酸盐的减摩行为

来源期刊：金属学报2010年第2期

论文作者：刘林林 李曙 刘阳

文章页码：233 - 238

关键词：高铼酸盐； 化学合成； 减摩行为； 油品添加剂； 表征

Key words：perrhenate； chemical synthesis； anti-friction behavior； oil additive； characterization

摘    要：在水溶液中化学合成了Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb,Ca,Ba和La的高铼酸盐,对它们的结构、成分和形貌进行了XRD和SEM EDS分析表征,利用UMT-2M摩擦试验机,测试从室温至750℃在Si₃N₄陶瓷球/GH126镍基高温合金盘间添加合成高铼酸盐前后的摩擦系数,筛选部分合成高铼酸盐作为季戊四醇酯合成油的添加剂,测试其摩擦系数,结果表明:除合成Fe(ReO₄)₃为非晶态外,其它合成高铼酸盐均为晶态,它们的XRD数据与标准卡片中的数据十分接近,成分与计算值也基本相符,这些合成高铼酸盐均具有一定的润滑能力,且随温度变化的规律各不相同,其中,Co,Cu和Ca的合成高铼酸盐具有宽温度范围全程润滑油添加剂所期望的减摩性能,可以实现常温油润滑-高温固体润滑的混杂润滑模式。

Abstract: For exploring the possibility of a hybrid mode with smooth transition from fluid to boundary even to solid lubrication at the elevated temperature,i.e.,searching a substance which should be the solid lubricant and oil additive with environmentally friendly characters,a series of perrhenates (the soft double oxide) were synthesized as the candidates because of their crystalline and decomposed products with a good anti friction behavior,such as Re₂O₇ which might provide the lubrication during oil decomposition for its good sublimation at about 300℃.This investigation might be advantage of lubrication for rubbing parts of internal combustion or turbo engine such as piston ring and cylinder liner or exchanger,which were always operated in a cyclical variation of temperature(even to 800℃). In this paper,the properties of perrhenates of Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Pb,Ca,Ba and La synthesized by aqua-solution method were described and their crystalline structures,compositions and morphologies were determined by XRD,SEM EDS.For understanding their lubricating behaviors in both dry sliding and base oil pentaerythritol ester(PETE),their frictional behaviors between Si₃N₄ ball and superalloy disc were tested in pin-on-disc on universal micro-tribotester(UMT-2) from 20 to 750℃.The results show that most synthesized perrhenates are crystal powder except the synthesized gel-like ferric perrhenate,their crystalline structures are coincidence with powder diffraction file(PDF) cards,and compositions are very close to the stoichiometic values.Some of the synthesized perrhenates exhibit certain lubrication at 300-750℃,in both dry sliding and oil lubrication with addition of the synthesized perrhenate which were verified in reciprocating sliding.The variation of friction coefficients with temperature probably results from the formation or removal of soft oxides at high temperature.The good anti frictional behaviors of the synthesized perrhenates of Ca,Co and Cu in a wide temperature range seem to imply them to be developed as the candidates of additive in a hybrid lubricating mode for the engine operating in cyclical variation of temperature.