高速铁路连续梁桥横向地震碰撞效应及挡块间隙研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2019年第9期

论文作者:乔建东 杨孟刚 王传坤

文章页码:2252 - 2264

关键词:高铁连续梁桥;横向地震;碰撞效应;挡块间隙;橡胶缓冲装置

Key words:high-speed railway continuous beam bridge; transverse earthquake; pounding effect; gap of the steel shear key; rubber bumper devices

摘    要:为研究地震作用下高铁桥梁挡块与垫石间的横向碰撞效应,基于ANSYS软件建立高铁简支-连续组合桥梁(2×32 m简支梁+(48+80+48) m连续梁+2×32 m简支梁)横向地震碰撞杆系有限元模型,该模型考虑轨道系统(CRTSⅡ型)约束作用、上部结构与垫石间偏心距、挡块材料非线性、支座非线性和墩柱弹塑性的影响。采用非线性地震反应时程分析方法,讨论轨道系统约束作用、横向限位挡块和挡块-垫石间距等因素对桥梁结构横向地震碰撞效应的影响,并优化连续梁桥墩挡块间隙,探究橡胶缓冲装置的减碰效果。研究结果表明:轨道系统约束作用会改变桥梁结构的动力特性与地震响应,放大墩底剪力横向分配的不均匀性;在强震作用下,挡块横向限位效果较明显;当连续梁桥墩挡块-垫石间距为2~3 cm时,横向地震响应峰值均较小,适当增大中墩挡块-垫石间距效果更佳;橡胶缓冲装置会降低连续梁桥墩梁横向相对位移峰值和挡块碰撞力,且减震效果与橡胶厚度及布设方式有关。

Abstract: To investigate the transverse pounding effect between steel shear keys and bearing padstones of high-speed railway bridges under earthquake excitations, a finite element model of a high-speed railway bridge considering the transverse pounding effect, which consists of one continuous beam bridge (48+80+48) m and two simply-supported beam bridges(32 m) on each side, was established based on ANSYS. The impacts of the restriction of track system(CRTSII),the eccentricity between bearing padstones and girders, the nonlinear behavior of shear keys and bearing and the elastic-plastic behavior of piers on transverse pounding effects of the bridge were also considered in the numerical model. With the time history analysis method for nonlinear seismic responses of structures, the influence of the track system, the shear keys, the gaps between shear keys and bearing padstones on transverse seismic responses was analyzed.Finally, the shear-key gaps of the continuous beam bridge at outer piers and inner piers were optimized and the pounding reduction effect of the rubber bumpers was investigated. The results show that the restriction effect of the track system alters the dynamic characteristics of the bridge, and also magnifies the inhomogeneity of the distribution of shear forces at the bottom of piers. Under strong earthquake excitations, the transverse restricting effect of the shear keys is significant. The peak seismic responses of the continuous beam bridge reach lower values when the gap between shear keys and bearing padstones is 2-3 cm and it is better to increase the gap of shear keys at inner piers properly. The maximum relative displacement between the pier and the girder and pounding force of the continuous beam bridge will decrease when the rubber bumpers are installed, and the isolation effect is related to the thickness and layout method of them.

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