抽锭电渣重熔大截面高速钢过程的碳化物偏析控制

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第7期

论文作者:姜周华 李万明 臧喜民 邓鑫 邵青立 谢志彬

文章页码:1697 - 1704

关键词:高速钢;碳化物;偏析;熔池结构;电渣重熔

Key words:high-speed steels; carbides; segregation; molten structure; electroslag remelting

摘    要:采用抽锭式双极串联电渣重熔工艺并对抽出结晶器的钢锭进行二次气雾冷却的方法实现高速钢的快速凝固,以期实现对大截面高速钢碳化物偏析的控制;通过钨粉检测熔池结构、评估高速钢碳化物质量等手段研究该工艺对碳化物偏析的改善效果;通过数值模拟分析二次气雾冷却对电渣重熔过程温度场的影响。研究结果表明:双极串联式抽锭电渣二次气雾冷却方法可以明显降低电渣重熔过程的熔池深度,减小金属熔池的结晶角;有效地减小高速钢碳化物的不均匀度和碳化物颗粒度,在相同锻压工艺条件下的碳化物合格率明显提高。

Abstract: Electroslag remelting (ESR) was a predominant method for smelting high-quality high-speed steels, but the molten bath structure of conventional stationary-mould ESR restricts its ability to control carbide segregation. In order to control carbides segregation of large cross section high-speed steels, secondary aerosol cooling was adopted in the electroslag remelting withdrawal process to make the high-speed steel rapid solidification. Molten pool structure of ESR process was obtained by tungsten powder detection and high speed steel carbide quality was evaluated, which can verify the effect of the process. Effect of secondary aerosol cooling on the temperature field of ESR process was analyzed through numerical simulation. The results show that electroslag remelting withdrawal with secondary aerosol cooling technology can significantly decrease the depth of molten bath, reduce the crystallization angle of the metal molten pool, effectively reduce the high speed steel carbide uneven and carbide particles degrees, and carbide qualified rate increases significantly in the same forging process.

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