采用盐浸法从包头稀土精矿中提取稀土研究

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2014年第6期

论文作者:李梅 张晓伟 柳召刚 阳建平 刘佳

文章页码:1759 - 1766

关键词:稀土;Al(NO3)3-HNO3盐溶液;浸出

Key words:rare earth; Al(NO3)3-HNO3 system; leaching

摘    要:以包头混合型稀土精矿为研究对象,在密闭条件下,采用Al(NO3)3-HNO3盐溶液浸出包头混合型稀土精矿中的稀土。考察Al(NO3)3浓度、HNO3浓度、浸出时间、液固比、浸出温度和搅拌速度等因素对包头混合型稀土精矿中稀土浸出率的影响规律以及稀土浸出过程中的动力学分析。研究结果表明:当HNO3浓度为3 mol/L,Al(NO3)3浓度为1.5 mol/L,浸出温度为100 ℃,搅拌时间为90 min,液固比为30 mL/g,搅拌速度为300 r/min为最优浸出工艺条件。在此优化条件下,精矿中稀土的浸出率为73.5%,而稀土的理论浸出率为74.82%,即精矿中稀土浸出率达98.24%;浸出过程属于收缩反应核模型,反应活化能为34.213 kJ/mol,受边界传质和扩散混合控制。

Abstract: The Al(NO3)3-HNO3 was used as an assisted leaching agent leaching of Baotou mixed rare earth concentrate in closed system. In this work, we study the effects of Al(NO3)3 concentration, HNO3 concentration, temperature, time, liquid to solid ratio, stirring speed and other factors on the leaching of bastnaesite by the quadratic regression orthogonal. At last, we get the regression equation about the various factors on the impact of the leaching ratio, and determine the optimum conditions: HNO3 concentration of 3 mol/L, Al(NO3)3 concentration of 1.5 mol/L, the leaching temperature of 100 ℃, stirring time of 90 min, liquid to solid of 30 mL/g, the stirring speed of 300 r/min. The leaching of rare earth concentrates is 73.5%, and the rare-earth theory leaching rate is 74.82%, so the rare earth leaching rate is 98.24%. The leaching process belongs to the contractile response of the nuclear model, and the activation energy is 34.213 kJ/mol, indicating that the leaching process is controlled by the border mass transfer and diffusion.

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