基于有限元法的高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型的研究及应用

来源期刊：冶金自动化2010年第3期

论文作者：黄永东

文章页码：30 - 33

关键词：高炉； 炉缸炉底侵蚀模型； 热传导； 有限元法

Key words：blast furnace； mathematical model for prediction of hearth and bottom erosion； heat transfer； Finite Element Method(FEM)

摘    要：采用有限元法求解高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型,利用边界单元变形方式模拟侵蚀边界,采用最小二乘法将参考点温度计算值与实际测量值的离差平方和最小值作为优化判据,修正侵蚀边界的方向及幅度,从而快速逼近实际侵蚀线位置。该模型用于推定高炉炉缸炉底1 150℃等温线的位置和形状,以便了解和分析高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀情况。模型应用结果表明,采用有限元法计算高炉炉缸炉底温度场分布,具有计算速度快、计算结果精确可靠等优点。

Abstract: To predict erosion of the hearth and the bottom of blast furnace,the Finite Element Method(FEM) is used to solve the partial differential equation that models heat transfer and temperature distribution at the areas of interest.The paper presents the ways how the numerical solution to the model is arrived at,in which the boundary elements are designed deformable to calculate the erosion boundary,and the least square principle is used to minimize the error between the calculated temperature and measured temperature at the reference points to speed up the convergence of the calculation by updating the direction and the increment of the calculated deformation of the erosion boundary.Application of the model is given in an example that calculates the isotherm of 1150℃,commonly regarded as an indication of the erosion profile,at the hearth and the bottom of a blast furnace.The result of the example shows that using the FEM to model and predict temperature distribution at the hearth and the bottom of blast furnace is advantageous in terms of calculation efficiency and accuracy.