载重汽车用直齿轮冷挤压组合凹模的优化设计

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2017年第11期

论文作者:周杰 梁强 何雄 夏泽雨 刘正伟

文章页码:2881 - 2889

关键词:大模数直齿轮;冷挤压;组合凹模;优化设计

Key words:spur gear with big modulus; cold extrusion; combined die; optimization design

摘    要:为提高载重汽车用直齿轮冷挤压组合凹模的使用寿命,以组合凹模的齿形腔等效内径、直径比和过盈系数为设计变量,以降低模芯内壁等效应力为优化目标,建立组合凹模结构参数与等效应力的Kriging模型。应用Kriging模型结合粒子群算法,在可行变量空间内寻优,得到组合凹模最佳结构尺寸为:模芯外径D2=107.485 mm,中圈外径D3=187.215 mm,外圈外径D4=274.839 mm,模芯与中圈的单边径向过盈量U1=0.134 mm,中圈与外圈的单边径向过盈量U2=0.253 mm,采用优化后的组合凹模进行数值模拟。研究结果表明:在模芯消气带齿槽处等效应力最大,其值为1 870 MPa。优化方法为齿类零件冷挤压成形组合凹模设计提供了定量的确定方法。

Abstract: In order to improve the service life of cold extrusion combined die for spur gear of camion, the equivalent diameter of tooth shaped cavity, diameter ratio and shrink fitting ratio of combined die were taken as design variables, the Kriging model of effective stress and structure parameters of the combined die was built, which aimed at decreasing the effective stress of the die insert. The Kriging model combined with the particle swarm optimization were used to find the optimal structure size of combined die in the variable space. The optimal structure sizes of the combined die were as follows: die insert diameter D2=107.485 mm, middle layer diameter D3=187.215 mm, stress ring diameter D4=274.839 mm, unilateral radial shrink fitting between die insert and middle layer U1=0.134 mm, unilateral radial shrink fitting between middle layer and stress ring U2=0.253 mm. Meanwhile, the numerical simulation method was also used to simulate the forming process with the optimized combined die. The results show that the maximum effective stress on the inside of die insert is obtained and the value is 1 870 MPa. The optimization method provides a method for the design of cold extrusion combined die for gears.

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