冻融作用下不同饱和度红砂岩损伤力学特性

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2020年第12期

论文作者:宋勇军 车永新 陈佳星 任建喜 毕冉 陈少杰

文章页码:3493 - 3503

关键词:饱和度;冻融循环;扫描电子显微镜;力学特性;损伤演化

Key words:saturation; freeze-thaw cycle; scanning electron microscope (SEM); mechanical properties; damage evolution

摘    要:为研究不同饱和度条件下冻融循环作用对岩石损伤规律及力学特性的影响,以饱和度分别为30%,50%,70%,90%和100%的红砂岩为对象,进行冻融循环、电镜扫描(SEM)及单轴压缩试验,分别得到不同冻融循环次数后岩样孔隙率、SEM图像及应力-应变曲线,建立不同饱和度冻融受荷岩石宏观统计损伤演化方程,从细微观角度系统分析饱和度影响下冻融受荷岩石的劣化机制。研究结果表明:随着冻融循环次数增加,孔隙率呈现先快后慢的增长趋势,且当饱和度大于70%后,孔隙率迅速增大。低饱和度下岩样矿物颗粒黏结紧密,颗粒边界不明显,孔隙较少;随着饱和度增大,胶结物的溶蚀作用逐渐加速,颗粒间胶结减弱,溶蚀孔洞增多;岩样冻融循环后裂隙平均长度和孔隙平均面积均随饱和度增大逐渐增长。岩样整体呈剪切破坏,剪切破坏面随饱和度增大逐渐增多并贯穿整个岩样。峰值强度和弹性模量随饱和度增大呈“上凸式”指数减小,当饱和度达到70%后,降幅迅速增大;随冻融循环次数增加,峰值强度和弹性模量呈“下凹式”指数降低,冻融循环10次后,降幅趋于减小。饱和度为70%、冻融循环为10次是该红砂岩损伤劣化的界限值。相比冻融循环作用的损伤劣化影响,饱和度对岩石性质的改变更显著。

Abstract: To investigate the effects of freeze-thaw cycles on rock damage and mechanical properties in different saturated states, red sandstone with different saturations (30%, 50%, 70%, 90% and 100%) were selected for freeze-thaw cycle, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and uniaxial compression tests. The porosity variation, SEM image and stress-strain curve of rock samples were obtained after the action of freeze-thaw cycles. The macroscopic statistical damage evolution equations of frozen-thawed rocks with different saturated states were established. The degradation mechanisms of frozen-thawed and loading rocks were systematically analyzed under the influence of saturation from microscopic perspective. The results show that, as the number of freeze-thaw cycles increases, the porosity increases quickly firstly and then slowly. When the saturation is greater than 70%, the porosity increases rapidly. In low saturated states, the mineral particles of rock sample are tightly bonded, the grain boundary is not obvious, and the pores are few. As the saturation increases, the dissolution of the cement is gradually accelerated, the cementation of particles is weakened, and the dissolution holes increase. After the freeze-thaw cycle of the rock sample, the average length of cracks and the average area of pores gradually increase with the increase of saturation. The rock sample shows shear failure, and the shear failure surface increases gradually with the increase of saturation and penetrates the whole rock sample. The strength and elastic modulus of rock samples decrease with the increase of saturation as the "upward convex" index. When the saturation reaches 70%, the decreasing amplitude increases rapidly. The strength and elastic modulus of rock samples decrease with the number of increases of freeze-thaw cycles as the "under concave" index. After 10 freeze-thaw cycles, the decreasing amplitude tends to decrease. The saturation value is 70%, and the freeze-thaw cycle is performed 10 times as the limit value of the damage deterioration of the rock sample. Compared with the damage and degradation effects of freeze-thaw cycles, the saturated states changes more significantly for rock properties.

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