贵金属Cu、Ag、Au的电子结构和物理性质

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2006年第6期

论文作者:陶辉锦 谢佑卿 彭红建 余方新 李晓波 聂耀庄 刘锐锋

文章页码:951 - 957

关键词:Cu, Ag, Au; 电子结构; 晶体结构; 晶格常数; 结合能; 物理性质

Key words:Cu, Ag, Au; electronic structure; crystalline structure; lattice constant; cohesive energy; physical properties

摘    要:由纯金属单原子理论(OA)确定了面心立方结构(FCC)贵金属Cu、Ag、Au的电子结构依次为[Ar](3dn)5.58(3dc)4.21(4sc)0.23(4sf)0.98、[Kr](4dn)4.87(4dc)4.56(5sc)0.66(5sf)0.91、[Xe](5dn)4.20(5dc)4.90(6sc)1.57(6sf)0.33, 并确定了Cu、Ag、Au的密排六方结构(HCP)和体心立方结构(BCC)两种初态特征晶体和初态液体的电子结构。 根据自然态的电子结构定性解释了熔点、 拉伸强度、 维氏硬度、 体弹性模量、电导和热导率物理性质差异与电子结构的关系, 定量计算了晶格常数、 结合能、 势能曲线及线热膨胀系数随温度的变化。根据非自然态的电子结构, 定性解释了晶体结构BCC和HCP的关系。

Abstract: With the application of the One-Atom (OA) theory, the electronic structures of pure Cu, Ag and Au with FCC structure were determined, respectively. The electronic structures of these metals with HCP and BCC structure and LIQUID state were also determined. According to the electronic structure in natural state, the relationships between the differences of physical properties of Cu, Ag and Au and their electronic structures were explained qualitatively, and the lattice constants, cohesive energies, potential curves and the temperature dependence of linear thermal expansion coefficient of FCC-Cu, Ag and Au were calculated quantitatively as well. According to the electronic structure in unnatural state of HCP and BCC phases, the relationship between the electronic structure and crystalline structure was explained qualitatively.

基金信息:国家自然科学基金资助项目

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