倾动式电炉流量自控系统的建模与实验模拟

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2006年第3期

论文作者：李晓谦 曾松盛

文章页码：547 - 552

关键词：倾动式电炉;自控系统;流量;建模;模拟

Key words：leaning electric stove; automatic control system; flow; model-establishing; imitation

摘    要：运用运动分析方法和微积分方法,建立倾动式电炉输出铝熔体的流量与电炉驱动电机转速之间的数学模型。分析当电炉流量不变时,在不同的倾动位置驱动电机转速的相对大小,按照给定流量与电炉所在转角区间所对应的修正系数之积来控制电机转速,达到控制流量的目的。采用直流微电机作为驱动电机,设计与制作一套含有触发整流电路、PI调节器等的双闭环调压调速系统,将流量电位器与角位移电位器信号采入单片机功能板,并利用个人计算机、W6000软件与仿真器以及显示板等组成仿真调试系统,建立一套完整的实验装置。通过运行微机测控系统软件控制电机转速,实现流量模拟控制,最后通过模拟实验对控制模型进行修正,以提高系统控制精度。

Abstract: A mathematical model of the physical and mathematical relation between the flow of leaning electric stove and the spinning speed of motor was established by adopting the ways of analyzing movement and the method of differential coefficient and integral. The motor’s speed was analyzed under the condition of the constant flow in different positions. A set of circuit system with two close loops by modulating the voltage to suit the speed of the motor well was designed and made, which adopted the micro-motor of direct current as the driving-motor and included the commutated circuit and the trigger circuit and PI modulator and so on. So the signals of the rheostat for the flow and the rheostat for the corner displacement were sent into the function board of one-piece micro-processor, the emulational debug system was composed of personal computer with the software of W6000, emluator and light-emitting diode displaying board. It is concluded that the spinning speed of the motor can be controlled according to the product of the modified parameter of current place and the given flow. A set of experimental equipment is set up and the motor’s speed is controlled by dint of the computer’s software, and the flow of the leaning electric stove is controlled successfully. The model is modified by imitation experiment and its precision is high.