含铅锌难选铁矿石的矿物学及铅锌杂质产出特征

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2021年第1期

论文作者:罗立群 SAYAF Mustafa Jean Christophe NIYONZIMA 郑波涛 魏晨曦

文章页码:181 - 194

关键词:难选铁矿石;杂质;矿物学;产出特征;电子探针

Key words:refractory iron ore; impurities; mineralogy; occurrence characteristics; electron probe micro analysis

摘    要:以新疆某含铁(FeT)47.04%、含Pb 0.39%、含Zn 0.30%的难选铁矿石为试样,采用化学分析、显微镜观察鉴定、EPMA和EDS等手段,考察其化学成分、铁铅锌的物相组成及铅锌杂质矿物的产出特征,探讨影响选矿工艺的矿物学因素与选矿前景。结果表明:含铁矿物中主要组合为赤褐铁矿、高达91.35%,少量磁性铁和硅酸铁;含铅杂质主要为氧化铅和铅铁矾中的铅,分别占49.0%和41.3%(质量分数);而氧化锌中的锌为主要含锌杂质,占比90.6%。试样中可见少量闪锌矿、方铅矿及黄铁矿等杂质矿物,而未发现含铅锌的氧化状态晶质矿物产出。EPMA和EDS分析表明:氧化状态的铅锌杂质呈单独或共同产出形式,且锌的产出更为普遍和广泛;铅含量多为2.89%~3.89%(质量分数)不等,而锌含量多处于0.67%~1.17%(质量分数)之间。预计强常规磁选与浮选工艺均难于取得有效排除铅锌杂质的效果,建议采用高温还原焙烧预处理工艺。

Abstract: A refractory iron ore containing 47.04% iron (total Fe content), 0.39% Pb and 0.30% Zn was used as a sample in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The chemical analysis, microscopic observation and identification, EPMA with EDS were used to investigate the chemical composition, phase composition of iron, lead and zinc, and the occurrence and output characteristics of lead and zinc impurity minerals. The mineralogical factors and mineral process prospects affecting the beneficiation process were discussed in proper order. The results show that the iron-bearing minerals are mainly hematite, with content up to 91.35%, and a small amount of magnetic iron and iron silicate. The lead-containing impurities are mainly lead oxide and lead in plumbojarosite, accounting for 49.0% and 41.3%, respectively. While zinc in zinc oxide is the main zinc-containing impurity, accounting for 90.6%. A small amount of impurity minerals, such as sphalerite, galena, and pyrite are found in the sample, but no crystalline minerals in the oxidation state containing lead and zinc are found. EPMA and EDS analysis indicates that the lead and zinc impurities in the oxidized state are in the form of separate or common output, and the output of zinc is more general and extensive. The lead content ranges from 2.89% to 3.89%, while the zinc content is in the range of 0.67% to 1.17%. It is expected that strong conventional magnetic separation and flotation processes are difficult to achieve the effect of effectively eliminating lead and zinc impurities, and high temperature reduction roasting is recommended as a pre-treatment process before separation.

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