不同加载方向的山岭隧道洞口段地震响应振动台模型试验

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2016年第3期

论文作者:侯森 陶连金 赵旭 仇文革 黄凯平 吴秉林

文章页码:994 - 1002

关键词:隧道洞口段;振动台模型试验;地震响应

Key words:tunnel portal area; shaking table test; dynamic response

摘    要:基于垂直于隧道轴向加载(X向加载)与平行于轴向加载(Y向加载)2种试验工况,对山岭隧道洞口段开展大型振动台模型试验研究。研究结果表明:不同加载方向所引起的隧道结构变形模式和破坏机制不同。当沿X向加载时,结构以剪切变形为主,抗震薄弱部位为两侧拱肩与拱脚,最终发生剪切破坏;而当沿Y向加载时,结构以拉压变形为主,抗震薄弱部位为拱顶、仰拱和两侧拱脚,最终发生拉压破坏。不同加载方向所引起的坡体破坏模式不同,X向加载引起较明显的结构与围岩相互作用现象,坡体大规模破坏由结构附近围岩的剪切破坏诱发;而Y向加载引起的坡体惯性力较明显,坡体大规模破坏由坡顶附近围岩的张拉破坏诱发。且Y向加载更易引起洞口仰坡的破坏,破坏现象与实际震害现象相符。

Abstract: Large scale shaking table model tests on perpendicular (X vibration) and parallel (Y vibration) to the tunnel axis direction of vibration were performed on the tunnel portal parts. The results show that different vibration directions lead to different deformation modes and failure patterns of lining. The deformation of lining is shear mode during X vibration, and the additional stress mainly concentrates at arch spandrel and arch springing, which are the weak parts in lining. The compression deformation mode of lining is observed during Y vibration, and the additional stress mainly concentrates at crown, inverted arch and arch springing. The different vibration directions lead to different failure modes of front slope. The effect of soil-structure interaction is remarkable during X vibration. The front slope failure is induced by the shear fracture of rock around lining. The remarkable inertial force of rock near slope surface is caused during Yvibration, and the front slope failure is induced by the pulling damage of rock around slope top. The model under Y vibration is more likely to experience front slope failure of the hole, and the testing result is consistent with the actual damage after earthquakes.

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