工业机器人实时高精度路径跟踪与轨迹规划

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2005年第1期

论文作者:谭冠政 徐雄 肖宏峰

文章页码:102 - 107

关键词:工业机器人;实时;高精度;路径跟踪;关节轨迹规划;附加节点

Key words:industrial robots; real-time; accuracy; hand path tracking; joint trajectory planning;extra knot

摘    要:手部路径跟踪和关节轨迹规划是机器人应用领域中一个非常重要的课题。在以往的研究中,往往是通过在设定的路径上增加节点数和路径分段数来提高机器人手部跟踪设定路径的精度,但这种方法会导致在线计算量大幅度增加。针对这一缺陷,提出了一种新的实时高精度路径跟踪与关节轨迹规划方法。该方法通过在设定的手部路径上按一定规则额外选取多个附加节点,使每一轨迹段上的节点数由2个增加到4个,并利用1个3次多项式、1个正弦函数、1个余弦函数以及1个由正弦函数和1次多项式的乘积构成的函数来构造每一段的关节轨迹方程。计算机仿真结果表明,在路径分段数不变、关节轨迹方程总数不变以及计算量不显著增加的前提下,运用该方法能大幅度提高机器人手部跟踪设定路径的精度。

Abstract: The hand path tracking and joint trajectory planning is a very important research topic in the field of robot applications. Previously, researchers raised the accuracy that a robot′s hand tracks a specified path in Cartesian space mainly through increasing the number of knots on the path and the number of the path′s segments. However, this method results in the heavier online computational burden for the robot controller. Aiming at this drawback, a new kind of real-time and accurate hand path tracking and joint trajectory planning method for industrial robots was proposed. Through selecting some extra knots on the specified hand path by a certain rule, which enables the number of knots in each segment to increase from 2 to 4, and utilizing a cubic polynomial, a sinusoidal function, a cosinoidal function and a sinusoidal function with the amplitude of first-order polynomial to construct the joint displacement equation of each segment, this method can greatly raise the path tracking accuracy of robot′s hand but does not change the number of the path′s segments and the sum of joint displacement equations. It also does not markedly increasethe computational burden of robot controller.

基金信息:国家自然科学基金资助项目
中国科学院机器人学开放研究实验室基金资助项目

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