Al含量对Ni-Al-C合金凝固组织和性能的影响

来源期刊:中国有色金属学报2006年第6期

论文作者:陈金栌 朱定一 林登宜

文章页码:1006 - 1011

关键词:Ni-Al-C合金; Al含量; 凝固组织; 力学性能; 摩擦性能

Key words:Ni-Al-C alloys; Al content; solidifying structure; mechanical properties; tribology properties

摘    要:研究了Al含量对Ni-Al-C系自润滑材料凝固组织的影响, 测试了合金的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。 结果表明: 当Al含量为4.25%时, 凝固组织中的石墨含量较高, 且以共晶石墨形态为主, 基体为单相γ-Ni(Al); 随着Al含量的增加, 凝固组织中的石墨含量有所降低, 共晶石墨减少, 初生相中石墨占多数并有球化的趋势; 当Al含量为6.85%时, 合金基体由γ-Ni(Al)固溶体和少量(γ+γ′)共晶组织组成; 当Al含量为8.13%~9.94%时, 凝固组织由γ′-Ni3Al相、(γ+γ′)共晶相和石墨组成, γ-Ni(Al)固溶体消失;当Al含量为12.74%时, 合金基体转变为单相γ′-Ni3Al, 其网状晶界由高硬度的Ni3AlC0.5相生成。 Al含量较低的合金具有较好的韧性, 提高Al含量有利于提高材料的强度和耐磨性。 Al含量为8.13%的合金基体组织主要由(γ+γ′)共晶组成, 晶粒尺寸显著细化, 其综合力学性能显著提高, 摩擦因数小, 磨损率低。

Abstract: The effect of Al content on the solidifying structures of Ni-Al-C self-lubricating material was studied. The mechanical properties and tribological performances were investigated. The results show that when Al content is 4.25%, the graphite content is high, the eutectic graphite is the main morphology and the matrix of the alloy is single γ-Ni(Al) solution. With the increase of Al content, the graphite content and eutectic graphite of solidifying structures deduce, graphite in primary phase has a tendency of spherical transformation. When Al content is 6.85%, the γ-Ni(Al) solution and a small quantity of (γ+γ′) eutectic make up the matrix of the alloy. When the Al contents are 8.13%-9.94%, γ-Ni(Al) solution disappears, the solidifying structures of the alloy are composed of γ′-Ni3Al, (γ+γ′)and graphite phases. When the Al content is 12.74%, the matrix are γ′-Ni3Al and Ni3AlC0.5 phases with high hardness observed on reticular intergranular in the alloy. The alloys with lower Al content have preferable ductility, improving the Al content is advantage to improve the mechanical robustness and wear-resisting property of materials. The matrix structures of alloy with 8.13%Al consist of (γ+γ′) eutectic phases. The grain size is refined obviously and the comprehensive mechanical properties improve obviously. The wear coefficient and the wear loss rate are little.

基金信息:国家自然科学基金资助项目

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