表面活性剂对制备纳米(W,Ni,Fe) 复合氧化物粉末的影响

来源期刊：中南大学学报(自然科学版)2004年第5期

论文作者：马运柱 黄伯云 范景莲

文章页码：736 - 741

关键词：表面活性剂; Zeta电位;分散性;纳米颗粒; (W,Ni,Fe)复合氧化物粉末

Key words：surfactant; Zeta potential; dispersity; nano-scale particle; (W,Ni,Fe) composite oxide Powder

摘    要：研究了Zeta电位、pH值以及十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、N,N—二甲基甲酰胺和聚乙二醇-1000这3种表面活性剂对含(W,Ni,Fe)盐溶胶体系中颗粒粒度的影响,并分析了表面活性剂对制备纳米级(W,Ni,Fe)复合氧化物粉末的作用;采用DELSA 440SX Analyzer Control粒度分析仪测试溶胶中颗粒尺寸和颗粒表面的Zeta电位;并用高倍扫描电镜(SEM)观察经喷雾干燥和煅烧处理后复合粉末的形貌。研究结果表明:(W,Ni,Fe)复合氧化物粉末表面的Zeta电位的绝对值呈现出增大→减小→增大→减小的趋势,体系的等电点为6.6;添加表面活性剂使体系的Zeta电位产生了漂移,当加入0.6 g·L^-1的聚乙二醇-1000时,体系的等电点为5.3;3种表面活性剂对(W,Ni,Fe)溶胶体系的作用从小到大的顺序为十六烷基三甲基溴化铵,N,N—二甲基甲酰胺,聚乙二醇-1000;与未添加表面活性剂的喷雾干燥粉末相比,添加0.6 g·L^-1的聚乙二醇-1000并经煅烧处理后的复合氧化物粉末颗粒细,颗粒分散均匀,颗粒为球形或近球形。此外,建立了粉末颗粒在干燥过程中受毛细管作用力的模型,并对表面活性剂在粉末干燥过程中的作用机理进行了研究。

Abstract: Influence of Zeta potential, pH value and surfactants on particle size of (W,Ni,Fe) solution colloid system were studied. The roles of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB),N,N-dimethylformampe and polyethylene glycol-1000(PEG-1000) on preparation of nanometer (W,Ni,Fe) composite oxide powder were investigated. The particle sizes and Zeta potentials were tested by DELSA 440SX Analyzer Control apparatus, and the morphologies of composite oxide powder by spray drying and calcining were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy. The results show that the trend of absolute value of Zeta potential is higher→lower→higher→lower, its isoelectric point is 6.6. Zeta potential is drifted by adding surfactants, and its isoelectric point is 5.3 when 0.6 g·L^-1PEG-1000 is added. The order of effect of different surfactants on (W,Ni,Fe) solution colloid system is CTAB, N,N-dimethylformampe, PEG-1000. When 0.6 g·L^-1PEG-1000 is added, the particle and calcined at 600℃is small and homogeneous, spherical or nearly spherical Schematic model of capillary force on particles during drying is established and action mechanism of surfactants during powders drying is investigated.