铝和铝合金的深冷处理

来源期刊：中国有色金属学报2000年第6期

论文作者：陈鼎 黎文献

文章页码：891 - 895

关键词：铝合金； 深冷处理； 晶粒转动

Key words：Al alloys； cryogenic treatment； turn of crystal plane

摘    要：采用了在-193 ℃长时间保温，缓慢升温到150 ℃的深冷处理工艺，对1～8系的12种常用铝合金进行处理。研究发现，深冷处理可以提高1230, 2017, 2024, 3003, 4032, 7075和8009合金的室温拉伸强度，但其塑性有所下降；深冷处理对2618和5254合金的室温力学性能影响不大，但降低了6063合金的室温拉伸强度，提高了它的塑性。对上述常用铝合金深冷处理前后的XRD衍射图谱研究表明，深冷处理可以使得这些合金某些衍射晶面上的衍射强度发生明显的变化。研究了二次深冷处理对1230,7075和8009合金力学性能的影响以及深冷处理对8009合金高温性能影响。对铝合金深冷处理的机理进行了探讨，并提出了深冷处理的收缩效应和晶粒转动效应。

Abstract: The effect of cryogenic treatment on the microstructure and properties of twelve kinds of commercial Al alloys at -193 ℃ for 24 h wasinvestigated preliminary. The results show that cryogenic treatment can improve the room temperature strength of 1230, 2017, 2024, 3003, 4032, 7075 and8009 alloy but reduce the ductility of these alloys； there is not obvious change i, n 5254 and 2618 alloy； the room temperature strength of 6063 alloy is decreased but the ductility improved. The XRD crystallograms before and after cryogenic treatment of these alloys were studied. It reveals that the cryogenic treatment can change the diffraction peak intensity of some crystal planes in these alloys. Finally, the effect of cryogenic treatment on the elevated temperature properties of 8009 alloy at 350 ℃ and the effect of twice cryogenictreatment on the properties of 1230, 7075 and 8009 alloy were investigated. Mechanism of cryogenic treatment of Al alloys was discussed with volume shrinkage and crystal plan turn.