微生物菌剂与冰草联合修复含油污染土壤

来源期刊:中南大学学报(自然科学版)2015年第11期

论文作者:陈丽华 周立辉 雒晓芳 杨琴 潘和平

文章页码:4377 - 4384

关键词:混合菌剂;冰草;降油率;微生物;脱氢酶活性;油污土壤

Key words:mixed bacterial strains; ice grass; oil degradation rate; microbial; dehydrogenase activity; oil-contaminated soil

摘    要:从陕西姬源油田污染严重的土壤中富集培养、筛选分离得到8株降解石油菌,向土壤中添加上述8株菌组成的混合菌剂,通过63 d盆栽试验,利用微生物菌剂与冰草联合作用修复石油污染土壤,测定土壤中降油率、微生物数量和脱氢酶活性;并采用气相-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析石油中正构烷烃组分的降解情况研究植物-微生物联合修复油污土壤。试验结果表明:植物与微生物菌剂联合作用修复能力大于单一植物修复能力,并且含油质量分数直接影响修复性能;经63 d植物与菌剂联合修复质量分数为3%含油土壤,降油率达81.48%,比单一植物降油高43.04%;土壤微生物数量、脱氢酶活性的增加有利于原油降油;微生物-植物联合作用对高碳数烷烃的降解作用大于低碳数烷烃的降解作用,15 d的降解率平均可达60%以上,加菌后正二十三烷和正三十三烷的降解率分别较对照组提高了34.7%和25.3%。

Abstract: Eight strains of oil-degradation bacteria were screened and isolated from oil contaminated soil at Jiyuan Oilfield of Shannxi Province of China. Different amounts of these bacteria were injected into soil polluted by crude oil; after being treated with potting experiment for 63 days, petroleum contaminated soil was degraded with petroleum-degrading bacterium in combination with wheat grass; petroleum degradation rates, microbial population, dehydrogenises activity were measured, and degradation of n-alkanes was analyzed by GC-MS. The results show that the combined effects of plant and microbial remediation ability are better than repair capacity of single plant, and oil mass fraction directly affects the repair performance. After 63 days of plant and microbial remediation, oil degradation rate of mass fraction of 3% contaminated soil reaches 81.48%, which is obviously 43.04% higher than that treated with single plant. Increased soil microbial biomass and dehydrogenase activity are beneficial to oil degradation. The effects of petroleum-degrading combined with bacterium-plant on high carbon number n-alkanes are better than those of low carbon number n-alkanes. The degradation rate of the mixed bacteria for high carbon normal alkanes is up to 60% on average after 15 days. The degradation rates of twenty-three alkanes and thirty-three alkanes increase by 34.7% and 25.3% than those of the control group used by bacteria, respectively.

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