复杂空心铝型材的挤压缺陷仿真分析及材料在分流模中的流动行为优化

来源期刊：中国有色金属学报(英文版)2018年第10期

论文作者：易杰 王震虎 刘志文 张见明 何芯

文章页码：2094 - 2101

关键词：空心铝型材；挤压缺陷；材料流速；阻流块；ALE算法

Key words：hollow aluminium profile; extrusion defect; metal flow velocity; baffle plate; ALE algorithm

摘    要：为了解决复杂空心铝型材在挤压试验中出现的截面内凹缺陷，基于Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE)算法，利用HyperXtrude软件平台建立型材在多孔分流挤压模具挤压过程中的三维稳态有限元模型。定量分析型材挤压出口不同方向的金属流速及焊合室内不同高度的压力分布。为实现出模口型材横截面材料流速的均匀性，采用增加阻流块方法对模具结构进行优化。优化后进行挤压试验，型材底面Y方向的最大位移由1.1 mm减小到0.15 mm，内凹缺陷得到显著改善。研究方法为复杂空心铝型材分流模挤压缺陷的改善和材料流动行为的优化提供理论指导。

Abstract: To solve the defects of bottom concave appearing in the extrusion experiments of complex hollow aluminium profiles, a 3D finite element model for simulating steady-state porthole die extrusion process was established based on HyperXtrude software using Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian (ALE) algorithm. The velocity distribution on the cross-section of the extrudate at the die exit and pressure distribution at different heights in the welding chamber were quantitatively analyzed. To obtain an uniformity of metal flow velocity at the die exit, the porthole die structure was optimized by adding baffle plates. After optimization, maximum displacement in the Y direction at the bottom of profile decreases from 1.1 to 0.15 mm, and the concave defects are remarkably improved. The research method provides an effective guidance for improving extrusion defects and optimizing the metal flow of complex hollow aluminium profiles during porthole die extrusion.