钼基材料的强韧化技术研究现状和发展趋势

来源期刊：中国有色金属学报2019年第3期

论文作者：罗来马 周宇芬 章宇翔 昝祥 刘家琴 朱晓勇 吴玉程

文章页码：525 - 538

关键词：钼基材料；强韧性；合金化；第二相弥散；大塑性变形

Key words：molybdenum-based materials; toughening; alloying; second-phase dispersion; severe plastic deformation

摘    要：钼材料具有导热导电性能好、高强度、高熔点等优点，广泛应用于诸多领域，例如，在核能和航空航天工业中用于制造聚变反应器转向器部件和导弹燃烧室等，在机械工业中用做刀具等零件。但是，当钼材料在高温条件下时，其抗蠕变性能、高温强度以及抗氧化性能都会显著下降，很大程度上影响了材料在诸多领域中的应用。本文主要综述了用不同的方法来提高钼基材料的强韧性，包括合金化、第二相弥散和大塑性变形，介绍了这些方法的机理和对钼材料的改善效果，并对未来钼基材料强韧化研究方向做出了展望。

Abstract: Molybdenum material has the advantages of good thermal conductivity, high strength, high melting point and so on, which is widely used in many fields, for example, in the nuclear and aerospace industries for the manufacture of convergent reactor diverter components and missile combustion chamber; in the machinery industry for cutting tools and other parts. However, when the molybdenum material under high temperature conditions, its creep resistance, high temperature strength and antioxidant properties will be significantly reduced, affecting the application of the material in many fields to a great extent. This article mainly reviewed the use of different methods to improve the toughness of molybdenum-based materials, including alloying, second-phase dispersion and severe plastic deformation, the mechanism of these methods and the improvement effect of molybdenum materials were introduced, and the future research direction of molybdenum-based materials was forecasted.